rcr新文：瑞士纺织工业废料的循环潜力评估分析
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文章亮点
（1）瑞士2019年生产的15880吨工业纺织产品共产生了1505吨废料。
（2）瑞士大部分纺织废料被焚烧，但很少被闭环回收。
（3）在回收技术成熟的条件下，546吨织物废料可用于生产超过170万件t恤。
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文章导读
废料的产生及其环境影响发生在纺织产品的整个生命周期，包括纤维、纱线和织物生产、染整、分销、使用和报废阶段。由于低成本快时尚相关产品的消费增加，服装的使用寿命和质量下降。同时，由于人口增长和城市扩张，导致纺织废料不断增加。纺织废料目前大多被填埋或焚烧。这两种方法都会产生较大的环境影响，包括往大气中排放甲烷和二氧化碳，以及污染物泄漏到土壤等。在循环经济时代，纺织废料可被视为生产新纺织产品同时减少环境影响的资源。现有研究尚未分析在纺织制造的不同生产步骤中产生的工业废料。瑞士的纺织企业致力于开发高质量和高功能性的产品，为探索废料的潜在循环性提供了机会。基于此，本研究旨在评估瑞士纺织工业废料的循环潜力。
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文章摘要
纺织工业会产生大量的废料，这些废料通常被填埋或焚烧。在循环经济时代，纺织废料可被视为生产新纺织产品同时减少环境影响的资源。现有研究尚未分析在纺织制造的不同生产步骤中产生的工业废料。基于此，本研究从瑞士纺织企业收集了有关其工业废料的数据。结果显示，2019年纺织企业的15880吨产量共产生1505吨废料，包含959吨纱线废料与546吨织物废料。大部分纱线废料由合成纤维（如 100% 涤纶）制成，织物废料则由混合材料制成。企业采用焚烧的方式处理了562吨废料，采用再利用的方式处理了547吨废料，采用开环和闭环回收的方式分别处理了316吨和80吨废料。研究表明，回收的最大的障碍是缺乏市场和处理废料的回收商。造成这种障碍的根本原因可能是纺织产品通常由混合材料制成，而针对这些材料的回收技术尚未成熟。研究表明，在回收技术成熟的条件下，546吨织物废料可以被用于生产超过170万件t恤的原材料。
abstract
the textile industry is known to generate high amount of post-consumer waste that is generally landfilled or incinerated. in the era of circular economy, textile waste could be considered a resource to produce new textile products while reducing environmental impacts. while there are quite some studies on post-consumer waste, the industrial waste flows generated along different production steps of textile manufacturing have not yet been investigated. to fill this gap, this study collected quantitative data on industrial waste from swiss companies. based on a production of 15’880 tons, a total of 1505 tons of waste was generated in 2019. out of this, 959 tons was made of yarn leftovers and 546 tons was made of fabric leftovers. most of the yarn leftovers was made of one synthetic fiber (e.g. 100 % polyester), while most of the fabric waste was made of mixed materials. incineration was the most used end-of-life treatment with 562 tons, followed by reuse with 547 tons, open-loop recycling with 316 tons, and closed-loop recycling with 80 tons. the companies taking part in the study saw the biggest barrier to be the lack of market and of recyclers taking care of textile waste. the underlaying reason for this barrier is probably the fact that textile products are often made of mixed materials and recycling technology for these materials is not yet mature. if barriers were overcome, the 546 tons of waste fabric could potentially be used as raw material for manufacturing more than 1.7 million t-shirts.